Wales

Immigration History from Wales to Victoria

The earliest Welsh settlers in Australia were convicts, 1,800 of whom arrived between 1788 and 1852. The gold rushes of the 1850s saw the first major Welsh influx. Many were single men who had left their families behind in Wales. Others emigrated to escape the degradations associated with industrialism or the hardships of farming life. The Welsh population in Victoria rapidly increased, from 2,326 in 1854 to 6,055 in 1861.

Religion served as a focal point for the new settlers. The first Welsh chapel in Melbourne was built in 1857 in La Trobe Street, and by 1865 there were over 20 Welsh chapels across Victoria. The Welsh presence on the goldfields during the 1860s was most evident during hymn-singing festivals and eisteddfods, the latter which evolved into a popular literary and musical competition.

The Welsh population of Victoria declined slowly during the first half of the twentieth century. Numbers slowly rose again after World War II as immigrants began to arrive under the Assisted Passage Scheme. The population increased from 3,548 in 1961 to 5,113 in 1971. Reflecting the decline of the Welsh language in Wales, the majority of these new immigrants did not speak Welsh.

The Welsh community continued to grow until 1986, then again declined slowly. In 2011 there were 4,830 Victorians born in Wales, only 4% of whom spoke Welsh at home. Half of those employed worked in professional roles; a further 40% worked in trade, production, clerical and service roles. Today the community lives in both urban and rural Victoria, with larger populations in Frankston and Melbourne’s outer fringes.

Welsh culture and community in Victoria is united and supported by organisations including the Cambrian Society of Victoria, the Victorian Welsh Choir, the Melbourne Welsh Church and the Carmel Welsh Presbyterian Church in Sebastopol, near Ballarat.

Immigration History from Wales (Welsh) to Victoria

Troseddwyr oedd y Cymry cyntaf i ddod i Awstralia, gyda 1,800 ohonynt yn cyrraedd rhwng 1788 a 1852. Daeth y prif ddyfodiad Cymreig cyntaf i’r meysydd aur yn y 1850au. Dynion di-briod oedd llawer ohonynt, wedi gadael eu teuluoedd yn ôl yng Nghymru. Fe ymfudodd eraill i osgoi’r darostyngiadau oedd yn gysylltiol â diwydiannaeth a chaledi bywyd ffarm. Cynyddodd y boblogaeth Gymreig yn Victoria yn gyflym, o 2,326 yn 1854 hyd 6,055 yn 1861.

Roedd eu crefydd yn ganolbwynt i’r ymsefydlwyr newydd. Yn 1857 adeiladwyd y capel Cymraeg cyntaf ym Melbourne yn stryd La Trobe, ac erbyn 1865 roedd dros ugain o gapeli Cymraeg ar draws Victoria. Drwy’r 1860au ar y meysydd aur, roedd y presenoldeb Cymreig yn fwyaf amlwg yn y cymanfaoedd canu a’r eisteddfodau, yr olaf yn datblygu’n gystadleuaeth llenyddol a cherddorol boblogaidd.

Dadfeiliodd y boblogaeth Gymreig yn araf yn ystod hanner cyntaf yr ugeinfed ganrif. Ar ddiwedd yr Ail Ryfel Byd fe gynyddodd y rhifau gyda chyrhaeddiad gwladychwyr dan gynllun y fordaith gynorthwyol. Fe dyfodd y boblogaeth o 3,548 yn 1961 hyd 5,113 yn 1971. Cymry di-Gymraeg oedd y mwyafrif ohonynt, yn adlewyrchu dirywiad yr iaith Gymraeg yng Nghymru.

Fe barhaodd y gymdeithas Gymreig i dyfu tan 1986, ond dadfeiliodd yn araf ar ôl hynny. Yn 2011 roedd 4,830 o Victoriaid wedi eu geni yng Nghymru, ond dim ond 4% ohonynt yn siarad Cymraeg gartref. Roedd hanner o’r rhai mewn cyflogaeth yn weithwyr proffesiynol; gyda 40% arall yn gweithio mewn meysydd masnach, cynhyrchiad, clerigol a gwasanaethol. Heddiw mae’r gymdeithas yn byw ar draws Victoria, yn y trefi ac yn y wlad, gyda poblogaethau mwy yn Frankston a ffiniau Melbourne.

Caiff y gymdeithas a’r diwylliant Cymreig eu unoli a’u cefnogi gan gymdeithasau fel Cymdeithas Cambrian Victoria, Côr Meibion Cantorion Cymreig Victoria, Capel Cymraeg Melbourne a Carmel, Eglwys Bresbyteraidd Cymru yn Sebastopol ger Ballarat.

Average Age

Dataset: Wales Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

Age Distribution

Dataset: Wales Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

Population

Dataset: Wales Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

Gender split for  

Dataset: Wales Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

Occupations

Dataset: Wales Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

Religions

Dataset: Wales Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

Languages

Dataset: Wales Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics